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A web attack is an attempt to exploit vulnerabilities in the web page, or parts of it. The attacks may involve the web application, content or server of a site. Websites offer many opportunities for attackers to gain unauthorised access, get private information, or even introduce malicious content.

Attackers look for vulnerabilities in the structure or content of a site to gain access to data, take control of it, or even harm users. Common attacks include brute force attacks as well as cross-site scripting (XSS) and attacks against uploads of files. Other attacks can be carried out using social engineering, such as malware attacks or phishing like ransomware, trojans, worms, or spyware.

The most frequent website attacks target the web application, that is composed of the software and hardware that a website uses to show information to its visitors. Hackers can target an application that is on the internet by exploiting its weaknesses, such as SQL injection, cross-site request forgery and reflection-based XSS.

SQL injection attacks rely on underlying databases that web applications use to store and transmit website content. These attacks could expose a lot of sensitive data, including passwords, account logins, and credit card numbers.

Cross-site scripting attacks use flaws in the code of websites to display untrusted images or text, take over session information, and redirect users to phishing websites. Reflective XSS also allows attackers to execute arbitrary code.

A man-in-the-middle attack occurs when a third-party interferes with communication between you and a web server. The third party can then modify the messages or spoof certificates, alter DNS responses and other things. This is a very effective way to control your online activities.

http://neoerudition.net/5-cybersecurity-protocols-that-your-cybersecurity-engineer-should-apply